What is an environmental impact assessment (EIA)?

An environmental impact assessment (EIA) is primarily focused on evaluating the potential environmental effects of a proposed development project, such as a subdivision. It systematically examines the possible impact on the natural and human environment, including factors like wildlife, air quality, water resources, and community health. The aim is to identify any significant adverse effects and to develop strategies to mitigate these impacts before the project moves forward.

The process typically includes a comprehensive analysis, public participation, and consideration of alternative project designs to ensure that environmental concerns are addressed. This assessment is crucial in promoting sustainable development and ensuring that environmental factors are taken into account in the planning and decision-making process.

While other options touch on aspects related to development, such as financial analysis, legal requirements, and community surveys, they do not specifically capture the essence of what an EIA entails. The specific focus of the EIA on environmental assessment makes option B the most accurate representation of its definition.